Sefer HaRazim

Sefer HaRazim

Preface

poured out to them, and what is the proper time (at which the will hear praer, so as) to perform ever wish of anone (who comes) near them in purit. (Noah learned) from it rituals (that cause) death and rituals (that preserve) life, to understand the evil and the good, to search out (the right) seasons and moments (for magical rites), to know the time to give birth and the time to die, the time to strike and the time to heal, to interpret dreams and visions, to arouse combat, and to quiet wars, and to rule over spirits and over demons, to send them (wherever ou wish) so the will go out like slaves, to watch the four winds o2 the earth, to be learned in the speech of thunderclaps, to tell the significance of lightning flashes, to foretell what will happen in each and ever month, and to know the affairs of each and ever ear, whether for plent or for hunger, whether for harvest or for drought, whether for peace or for war, to be as one of the awesome ones and to comprehend the songs of heaven.

And from the wisdom of the secrets of this book, Noah learned and understood how to make gopher wood (into) an ark and to hide from the torrent of the flood waters, to bring (the animals) with him two b two and seven b seven, to take in some of ever kind of food and ever kind of provender. And he placed (the book) in a golden cabinet and brought it first into . Eccl 3:2,3. . Job 38:35. the ark, to learn from it the times of the da and to investigate from it the times of the night, and in which period he should arise to pour out entreaties. And when he came forth from the ark, he used (the book) all the das of his life, and at the time of his death he handed it down to Abraham, and Abraham to Isaac, and Isaac to Jacob, and Jacob to Levi, and Levi to Kohath, and Kohath to Amram, and Amram to Moses, and Moses to Joshua, and Joshua to the elders, and the elders to the prophets, and the prophets to the sages, and thus genera tion b generation until Solomon the King arose.

And the Books of the Msteries were disclosed to him and he became ver learned in books of understanding, and (so) ruled over ever thing he desired, over all the spirits and the demons that wander in the world, and from the wisdom of this book he imprisoned and released, and sent out and brought in, and built and p r o s p e r e d . F or man books were handed down to him, but this one was found more precious and more honorable and more difficult than an of the 0 and T insert Shem into the chronolog. it. Happ the ear that listens attentivel to its wisdo From their encampments we shall learn to comprehend all things, and to have success in ever deed, to think and to act from the wisdom of this book.

The First Firmament

occupants of the throines, who rule over the And each and ever one of them goes to his work determined to act quickl in an affair on which he ma be sent, whether for good or for evil, whether for superfluit or for shortage, whether for war or for peace. And all of them are to be called b the names (given them) from the da the were created. And these are the names of the seven encampments which serve the seven overseers (for each encampment serves one of the overseers). And these are the names of the angels of the first encampment who serve WRPNY' L: BWMDY DMN' NWK' LPY MWK QTYBY' PTRWPY GMTY P' WR NRNTQ RQHTY WRNH M'WT PRWKH QYL'H TRQWYH BRWQ SHRWR' TNNY GYL'N TKT RNWB SMY YWSS KPWN KRBY GYRSWM PRY'N SSM BB' NTN'L R'L NYP TRW'WR L YWWN LWN MW'L LLP YHSPT RHGL RWM'PY YKTY RNY'L PWBWN KDY'L ZKRY'L GDLN MYG'L G'WPR KRTH KYLDH DYGL LNW TYRLY SBLH BY'L L KSYL SYQMH SBH YWTNH R'LKH HLY'N PTY'L TY'MY'L L'L NTY'L PYKH TLGY'L N STY'L These are the angels who are obedient in ever during the first and second ear of the fifteen ear ccle of the reckoning of If ou wish to perform an Probabl a reference to the Roman indictions.

See If we suppose that this reference to the use of indictions is b the government in Constantinople, then the terminus a quo for the cosmological framework is 312 C E. The Egptian dating would give us a terminus a quo of 297 C E. act of healing, arise in the first or second hour of the night and take with ou mrrh and frankincense. This (is to be) put on burning coals (while saing) the name of the angel who rules over the first encampment, who is called WRPNY'L, and sa there, seven times, (the names of the) sevent-two angels who serve before him, and sa as follows: l N the son of N beseech ou that ou will give me success in healing N the son of Purif ourself from all impurit and cleanse our flesh from all carnalit and then ou will succeed. suggests K i n i.

And if ou wish to send them against our enem, or against our creditor, or to capsize a ship, or to fell a fortified wall, or against an business of our enemies, to damage and destro, whether ou desire to exile him, or to make him bedridden, or to blind him or to lame him," or to grieve him in an thing (do as follows): Take''"''' water from seven springs on the seventh da of the month, in the seventh hour of the da, in seven unfired potter 13 vessels, and do not mix them with one another. Expose them beneath the stars for seven nights; and on the seventh night take a glass vial, (and sa over it) the name of our adversar, and pour the water (from the seven unfired potter vessels) into it, then break the potter vessels and throw (the pieces) to the east, north, west, and south,''' and sa thus to the four directions:''' Probabl a walled house as found in the later Roman empire.

That it is the wall of a house which is meant is clear from 1:77. ,"to smite the light of his ees...to bind his feet." " . HHGRYT who dwell in the east,' SRWKYT who dwell in the norths who dwell in the westj KEVY who dwell in the souths accept from m hand at this time that which I throw to ou to affect N son of Nj to break his bones to crush all his limbs and to shatter his conceited power as these potter vessels are broken. And ma there be no recover for him just as there is no repair for these potter vessels, Then take the vial of water and repeat over it the names of these angels and the name of the overseer, who is TYGRH and sa thus: I deliver to ouj angels of anger and wrath N son of N that ou will strangle him and destro him and his appearance'' make him bedridden diminish his wealth annul the intentions of his heart blow awa his thought and his knowledge and cause him to waste awa continuall until he approaches death.

If ou wish to exile him conclude the formula thus: That ou will exile him and banish him from his children and his home and he will have nothing left. If he is one to whom ou are in debt, conclude (the formula) thus: That ou will plug his mouth and make his planning vain and he will not think of me nor speak of me; and when I pass in front of him he will not see me, If (the rite is) for a ship sa thus: al. /'for the name of." I bind ou b oath angels of wrath and destruction that ou will rise up against the ship of N son of N and that ou not permit it to sail from an place. But if wind (sufficient) for sailing come to it then let (the wind) carr it out to sea and shake it (so it sinks) in the midst of the sea and let neither man nor cargo be saved from it.

If ou wish to fell a fortified wall sa thus: I bind ou b oath, angels of fur wrath and anger that ou will go with the force of our power and fell the wall of N son of N, Smite it to dust and let it be overturned like the ruins of Sodom and Gomorrah and let no man place stone upon stone on the place (where the wall was); if it be built during the da let it be overturned at night. Then pour out (the water) upon the four corners of the house. (In a like manner) if ou wish to make our enem bedridden, or to destro his appearance, or to (do) an grievous thing, pour the water upon his doorstep. If (ou wish) to exile him, pour out the water to the four directions.

If (ou wish) to bind our creditor, throw the water on his garments. And if (ou wish) to sink a ship, cast the vial and its water in the midst of the ship (while saing) the name of the ship and its master. And if ou wish to overturn a wall, dig at the four corners of the wall and divide the water among (the four corners). (Use the water) thus in each case. Do it in (a state of) purit and then ou will succeed. l!?K1 for . read A with nmpna with 2fi These are the names of the angels who serve DNHL the third encampment: WGRBBW WBS'L BRTWBY'L KLWBY'L RHBY'L WHY'L KRBTWN KRB' D'YNWT YNYK BYRM TGL* WTWT STNW'L SPR TGRY'L MYK'L TDgw WRY'L RMWD STWN K'L N'WR SKYR' LBY'L LCSH HSNY'L LMWSY DWT TYRWM LPY YMYK RGL' MYG'L LY'L MDNY*L These angels tell everone who, in purit, gains power over them, what will happen on the earth in each and ever ear, whether for plent or for famine, whether rains will be abundant or sparse, and whether there will be a dearth and whether there will be produce, and whether locusts will come and whether there will be strife, among kings, and whether a sword will come among the great men of the kingdom, and whether death or suffering will befall mankind.

If ou wish to know and understand what will be in each and ever ear, take a hieratic paprus and cut it into Probabl a variant of Daniel or Danel, both of which are found as divine angelic names. This seems to impl either strife or execution. l1p>D1> , Hieratic" (priestl) here refers especiall to the Egptian priests who were famed for their magic and from whence came the tpes of writing and paper that the used and were thought suitable for magical operations. slips) and write in hieratic with a mixture of ink and 30 mrrh each and ever possibilit separatel. Then take a new flask and put in it spikenard oil and throw in 33 the written slips (as well); then stand facing the sun when he comes forth from his bridal chamber and sa: I bind ou b oath 0 sun that shines on the earth in the name of the angels who make men of knowledge understand and comprehend wisdom and secrets that ou will do what I ask and make known to me what will he in this ear—do not oonoeal a thing from me.

And ou will adjure (the sun with) this adjuration for three das, three times and the third time ou will scruti nize the oil. Notice everthing brought up upon the face of the oil, that is what will happen in that ear. If two n31>T:3 for auopv6-u.av ( o v) - a special ink used for magical purposes. possibilities come up, then there will be (these) two and if three come up, there will be three. Afterwards, take the oil and burn it while saing the names of the angels that serve in this encampment. And (as for) the rest of all the written (slips), hide them in a wall or in a window. And so, (as in) ever operation, act in purit, and ou will succeed. I for tJT impling a ritual burial or storage both here and elsewhere in the text.

These are the names of the angels who serve KLMYYH in the fourth encampment: BRYH YMRHY DMN'Y MNHR Y'MNWK PTKY' TWBY'L GWLY'L WPRY GMTY WRNY'L PRYKYHW Y'RN LTMY'L WRYT TYMWGW NMRY LMYNY'L YKMTW STRTW SB BWRTY'S RSPWT KRSWN M'P WP'TN* H'L S'BY'L BLQYR PKHWR HSTR STRY'L LYSS HLSY'L TRSPW QRSTWS MLKY'L RDQ HSDY'L HSP MY'L PRNWS GDY'L SBYB'L .39 These are the angels who bring around the opinion of the king and the good will of the nobles, chiefs, and leaders of the kingdom, directing and bestowing favor and merc upon all who arise in purit to request anthing from the If ou wish to turn the king's opinion to our favor, or (that of) the chief of the arm, or a rich man, or a ruler, or a judge of a cit, or all the citizens of the state, or spelled with a n instead of a K as in 1:8.

The manu scripts show other variations, BLMY', GDYMYY*. (if ou wish to change) the heart of a great or wealth woman, or the heart of a beautiful woman, (do this). Take a lion cub and slaughter it with a bronze knife and catch its blood and tear out its heart and put its blood in the midst (of the heart) and write the names of these (above mentioned) angels in blood upon the skin between its ees; then wash it out with wine three ears old and mix (the wine) with the blood. Then take three of the chief spices, istorgon and mrrh and musk, and stand clean and pure, facing the brilliant star and put the spices on the fire; then take in our hand the cup in which are the wine and the blood and sa (this spell over it while burning the incense) and call on the name of the overseer and the names of the angels of this encampment.

(Do this) twent-one times over the blood and over the wine and sa to the brilliant star, the name (of the star) which is that of Aphrodite, three hundred (times) and (the name of the) angel HSDY'L (and then sa): I bind ou b oath in the name of the angels of the fourth enoampment who serve KLMY that ou bring around for me King N so that the heart of his arm and the heart of his ministers (will be) in m hand l N son of N and I will find favor and merc before him and he will do what I want and ash whenever I ask (anthing) from him, When ou finish repeating the adjuration twent-one times, look up and ou will see (something) like a coal of fire descending into the blood and wine.

If ou wish to enter the presence of the king or an (great) man, or a judge, wash ourself with living" water and take some of the blood and some of the wine and anoint our bod, and place the lion's heart over our heart. If (ou wish) to bring around the citizens of the cit take the lion's heart and hide it in the midst of the cit, and write on a (piece of) gold foil the (name of) the overseer and (the names of the angels of) his encampment and sa thus: You angels who go around and circulate in the world bring around (to me) all the citizens of this cit great and small old and oung lowl and distinguished. Let the fear and terror of me be over them as the terror of the lion is over all the animals.

And as this heart is mute while I am speaking so let all of them listen to me and let none of the children of Adam and Eve he able to speak against me. Hide the heart in the middle of the cit and go into seclusion for three das and after three das appear in the cit. (For this occasion) put some of the lion's blood under the soles of our feet. If ou wish to bind ourself to the heart of a great or wealth woman take some perspiration from our face (and put it) in a new glass vessel; then write on it, ( Take the new flask and bur it under her doorstep" and sa: Just as a woman will return to the infant of her womh so this will return to me to love me from this da and forever, This should be written at the full moon. hide our face." This love potion is independent of the previous use of the lion's blood.

Either the phrase on it" or on a tin lamella' seems to be a repetitive addition. 54 These are the angels who serve SYMWR in the fifth encampment: BTW'R §KYNTTK DWM' TQW MQP' LHB' §KNY'L KNWR BNS QRB' SRK HLSY'L HRMN HWD MLKYH PR D' QWP MNMLK DYNMWR LPNTWS DYDRYWK KLNH NYNHY' DS N H Y MLGDM DYMHN LYBRNK TTQHH PNY'L ZBYTWR DKNSWR RMGDL LHTQWP GDGDL PRWS MSRWS KDYR MWS DYQN' N5R TWB DRWMY'L DYR'Z DMWL' DYDY'L T KRM TR HWNMWR' NQYW GZRY'L SBY'L SBYra YYQR DWT RGBY'L These are the angels who obe (ou) during the night (if ou wish) to speak with the moon or the stars or to question a ghost or to speak with the spirits. If ou wish to speak with the moon or with the stars about an matter, take a white cock and fine flour, then slaughter the cock (so that its blood is caught) in living water." Knead the flour with the water and blood and make three cakes 55, Or sa: Place fire from our fire in the heart of this N (masc.) or that N (fe ) son of N (fe 60 Then take two of the cakes and place them with the cock in a new flask; then seal its mouth with wax and hide the flask in a place not exposed to the sun." If ou wish acts of kindness (to be done to ou); take the Tpi for K.

The grammar here is most confusing. It would seem that the first clause (1:165,166) is a homosexual love formula and that the second (1:166,167) is bi-sexual. Another possibilit is that the first clause uses a common masculine to impl that the formula could be used b an part. The fact that the second clause specificall provides for attraction of either a male or a female to a man seems, however, to impl that the first clause is indeed homosexual. The question is influenced b our rendering of iinK5 . Does it impl a new formula or a continuation of the former? 27). Also compare DMP 22:40 p.143; and and 1480f. remaining cake, crumble it, and place it in aged wine in a glass cup, and sa the name(s) of the angels in the presence of the moon and the stars and continue thus: I bind ou b oath that ou will give favorj kindnessj and affection, to from the favor, kindness, and affection that radiate from our countenance, (Give them to) me, N son of N, so that I will find favor, kindness, affection, and honor in the ees of ever man.

Then blow into the wind and wash our face each dawn, for nine das, with the wine and the cake crumbled in it. If ou wish to question a ghost; stand facing a tomb and repeat the names of the angels of the fifth encampment (while holding) in our hand a new flask (containing) oil and hone mixed together and sa thus: I bind ou b oath 0 spirit of the ram bearer who dwell among the graves upon the bones of the dead, that ou will accept from m hand this offering and do m will and bring me (the spirit of) N son of N who is dead. Raise him up so that he will speak to me without fear and tell me true things without concealment,- Let me not be afraid of him and let him tell me (for) m question, (the answer) I need from hi But if he does not, repeat the adjuration a second time (and) up to three times.

When he appears set the flask before him and after this speak our words while holding a twig of mrtle in our hand. If ou wish to release him, strike him three times with the mrtle and pour out the oil and hone, and break the cup, and throw the mrtle from our hand, and return home b a different route. >niO"Ip , . Spirits do not alwas tell the truth. flask and mrtle are to protect the person reciting the incantation. 174. If ou wish to speak with the spirits, go out to the „65 place of the killed and call out there in a singsong. whimpering wa: I bind ou b oath in the name of the angels who serve in the fifth enoampment, and in the name of the overseer who is over them, who is SYMWR, that ou will hear me at this time and send me the spirit of EGRGYRWT.

She shall go according to m will for whatever I send her and shall obe me in everthing until such and such a time. If ou see opposite ou a column of smoke, speak our words and send (her) for whatever purpose ou wish. These are the names of the angels who serve PSKR in the sixth encampment: ZY'L RBY'L TRYPWN PWKBWS PSTMR LYNNY'L QRWNYDN SWKDWN SLBYDM L CWZY'L PNY'L TRMY'L HMMY'L SRMY'L NYMMWS NWDNYY' B'RYB' ZWNNWM HSTW'L SDRY'L HWPNY'WN QDMY'L KPNYY' RMY'L HRMWR S•P LY'L SPRY'L QHNY'L SBKYRY' RMWNYS TWPWMWS PSSY'L HTPY'L PRSWMWN NHLY'L These are the angels of might who gird on power and strength to run from place to place and to fl in all corners of the earth to return a man, a fugitive, either a slave who fled or a thief who fled.

(If ou wish to catch a fugitive) take four copper lomeVlae and write upon each and ever one of them the name of the man and the name of his m o t h e r , t he name of the overseer, PSKR, and the names of the angels who serve him, and sa: J charge ou, angels of might to seize N son of N wherever he goes and wherever he dwells whether in a cit or in a countr whether at sea or on land whether eating or drinking. You shall make him fl like a fling bird and bring him against his will and not let him linger one moment whether b da or b night. Then take (the) four copper lamellae and hide them in the four directions whether in the cit or in the countr.

These are the names of the angels who serve BW'L in the seventh encampment: NWHRY'L DBB'L DYMTMR DB'L MHSYN WR DYM BBYT'L SRWR' HGYYH PRWPY'L MKSY'L CLZY'L TKWRKS QRWMY'L RMY*L LHSWN SLHY'L HY*L KR 'WBR SRWGY'L YDW'L SMSYL SPTY'L RHBY' HMWD' MRMRYN 'NWK LPRT WMYGR' QRWKNS SRPY'L GDRY'L RDWD' PWRTNY'L GMYL RHTY'L DYTRWN HZ'L PTW'L GLGL' DMNSR ZZY'L descent through the mother, 3 7 ). These are the names of the angels in charge of dreaming, to make anone who approaches them in purit know what the dream (was) and what its interpretation is. If the king, or the head of the cit, or governor, or our friend summons ou and ou want to give him an answer from our wisdom, sa to him, I will make known to ou what is in our heart concerning me." (or what ou thought about me," or what ou want to do," or what is the interpretation of our drea Then go out on Sunda to the sea shore or to a river bank during the third hour of the night.

Wear a new cloak and do not eat (the meat of) an animal,'''" nor anthing which ields blood (when slaughtered), and do not drink wine. Take mrrh and pure frankincense and place them on burning coals in a new earthen vessel, and turn our face toward the water and repeat three times the name of the overseer with the name(s) of the angels of the encampment. When ou see a pillar of fire between heaven and earth sa thus: magician is to choose the appropriate phrase. I bind ou b oath b the One who measured the waters in the palm of His hand and rebuked the waters so that the fled from Him and made winds fling in the air his personal servants as a fier flamej who rebuked the sea and dried it up and made rivers a desertj" b His name and b its letters I bind ou b oath and b the names of the angels' of the seventh encampment who serve BW'L, that ou make known to me what is in the heart of N son of N and what is his desire, and what is the interpretation of his dream and what is his thought.

Do likewise on the second and third nights and ou will see that a pillar of fire will appear to ou with a cloud on it like the image of a man. Question him and he will tell ou what ever ou ask. And if ou wish to release him throw some of the water, from the sea or the river b which ou are standing, toward heaven three times and sa under our breath Invisible Lord BW'L sufficient to our need, the perfect shield bearer j free ou, I free ou, subside and return to our (heavenl) course. Sa this seven times. Perform the entire rite in purit and ou will succeed. These are the names of the seven spirits who serve in the firmament called Shamaim, PEACE. The adjuration is a combination of Isa 40:12; Ps 104:4; 107:33; and Nah 1:4. nini3 for T de; , .

Ezek 1:4. . PGM 111:108. onisnaOK 01A>!7U Oin/D1D t?KV>*lA >*7niK d6paTe Hippie Boui, hot* fiuo-c d p H i e, TeA.iK6c daTiL6ncp6poQ.

The Second Firmament

The second firmament is called heaven of heavens."" In it are frost and fog and treasuries of snow and treasuries of hail, angels of fire and angels of moisture and spirits of terror and spirits of dread. The firmament is full of fear, for within it are innumerable angels constituting armies upon armies and over them are officers and overseers. Within the firmament are twelve steps and on each and ever step stand angels in their splendor, and over them is one high official over another. Nevertheless, for human affairs, the are obedient to everone who approaches them in purit. If ou wish to ask something of an who stand on the steps of the second firmament, cleanse ourself for three weeks from all fruit of the palm, from all kinds of animals, small and large, from wine, from (all) tpes of fish and from all (animals) that ield blood (when slaughtered); and do not approach a woman in her impurit, and do not touch anthing ttlS ft a common designation in mstical literature for the second heaven.

Itopl l l Op T smoke." Here it seems to impl mist or fog in parallel to frost, snow, hail, etc. n, , trembling." , \eading b p! for npT with npT, This is a common distinction found in Rabbinic literature between sheep and goats as opposed to cattle. . Ezek 18:6. g which has died, and do not come near a leper or one afflicted b venereal discharge, even accidental, and guard our mouth from ever evil word and from ever sin; and sanctif ourself from ever sin. Upon the first step stand these: HMRY'L HDRY'L RSY'L HS'L DMYMY'L ZBDY'L RNZY'L c'L KTBR'L These, their station is on the first step. The stand in terror, cloaked in wrath, girded with dread, surrounded b trembling, their raiment like an image of fire, their faces like the appearance of lightning, and their mouths never cease (to utter) might words.

Nevertheless, their voice is not heard, for their task is to silence, to frighten, and to terrif anone who opposes the man who calls on them in purit. If ou wish to silence a great and powerful people, or a governor, or a judge, or the citizens of a cit, or of a state, take a handful of ashes from beneath the bread offering of an idol and sa over it backwards"'" seven times the names of the angels written above (as standing) on the first step, and sa: I ask from ou, angels of silence, that in this place, ou silence ever mouth and ever heart of the children of Adam and Eve who arise against me to (sa) anthing evil. Let their mouths utter good things about ® me and let me he exonerated in m lawsuit; do not permit an mouth to speak evil ahout me.

Then sprinkle the ashes, either in the cit or in the state, either before the governor or before the judge, and ou will be exonerated. Upon the second step stand these: CZZY'L HNN'L PSSY'L YSI'L DLQY'L RPD' MR'WT RYPYPYS MNY'L NHMY'L PRZYRWM CNB'L These, their station is on the second step. The stand with strength, filled with might, surrounded with love, and in their presence fire burns, and the hasten to bring the (ruling) planets of the sons of man into conjunction for love. If ou wish to put the love of a man into the heart of a woman, or to arrange for a poor man to wed a rich woman, take two copper lamellae and write upon them, on both sides, the names of these angels, and the name of the man and the name of the woman and sa thus: I ask of ou, angels who rule the fates of the children of Adam and Eve, that ou do m will and hring in conjunction the planet of N son of N into conjunction with (the planet of) the woman N daughter of N, Let him find favor and affection in her ees and do not let her helong to an man except hi Do this on the twent-ninth of the month this formula note that two angelic names, )?on and which are derived from verbs meaning to silence" (nam , o n ).

B Rabbinic law, if the woman uses a ritual bath, mikvah, she is either about to be married or married, thus limiting the formula's usefulness to bridegrooms, husbands and when the moon has waned completel. Take care to keep ourself from intercourse, from wine, and from all (kinds of) meat for three das."'" Upon the third step stand these: YHW'L D LY'L BRKY'L SPWM PNYMWR L GBLY'L KMSY'L WDH'L Y'L RPPY'L PSPY'L adulterers. Since we do not know in what circles this document circulated, it is of course impossible to draw a definite con clusion about its intended use. the introduction to the Second Firmament gives general rules of abstinence to follow before using the formulas of the Second Firmament, we must assume that these rules are to be followed after the spell has been cast in order to insure effectiveness.

These characters appear here in Such smbols, which were used to enhance the power of amulets and spells, were common both in These characters are also reproduced in the sixth step of the Second Firmament and in the Third Firmament. Full magical alphabets coalesce at a later date. The use of ringed smbols ma derive from the punch writing on Greek allotment plates which were worn in a similar fashion to amulets. Kroll, Athenian Bronze Allotment Plates (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard Universit Press, 1972). These, their station is on the third step, for their function is to shake and agitate the hearts of men and to make void their intentions and nullif their thoughts.

Dread is theirs and fear where the walk, and their appearance is (full) of wrath, and the are exceedingl harsh and might men of war, and fear goes before them and trembling after them," and the roar and cause trembling as the go shaking"'" (the world) , and their voice is like the voice of thunder and in their hands are rods of fire and their faces are like sparks of fire and fire comes forth from their ees, and all of them are read to nullif and make void (whatever the are asked to). If ou wish to nullif a great man's intentions towards ou, or the thoughts of an arm officer, or the intentions of militar men, or an other evil intentions or thoughts (directed against ou); go out at midnight when the moon is 18 full, barefoot, and pure, and wrapped in a new cloak.

Stand under the moon and sa twent-one times the names of the angels written above, (those) who stand on the third step of the heaven of heavens," and sa: Moon, Moon, 0 Moon, bring m words before the angels who stand upon the third step: nullif the thought Qonoeming me of N son of N and the intention of his heart and his plot. Let his mouth be unable to speak \his calls to mind the figure of Ares and his attendants. )>'1 , commonl associated with earthquakes. text reads T, " This is justified b other magical texts of a similar nature. >!7100K , 41). against me, destro his knowledge, and thwart his intentions, and let his purpose be devastated, so that ever time he sees me he will be filled with love for me, and let him be changed so that he becomes m friend, and let him not remember an hatred of me, and let me find favor and affection in his ees.

Then write (the names of) the angels and these (following) characters upon a silver lamella put them on a tablet over 22 our heart, and during all the das ou wear it ou shall succeed. Upon the fourth step stand these: SGRY'L MLKY'L WNBYB PGRY'L CNNY'L KLNMYY* WMY'L MPNWR KWZZYB' LPY'L PRYBY'L S KDWMY'L SMD HWDYH YHZY'L These, their station is on the fourth step. The are girded with storm and the sound of their steps is like the sound of bronze. The fl from the east and turn from the west towards the gate. The are swift as lightning and fire is around "heart." D>*l10pnDni for xoipOLKTflpec. 46). ? . This is a recipe for an amulet. The idea is that ou put the silver foil on a stronger tablet and wear it suspended over our heart (chest). , it is upon ou." the ninth angel, KWZZYB', and the thirteenth, SMD KWZZYB' is most probabl Bar Kochba.

This would clearl date the angelolog as post 135 CE. SMD most probabl Asmodeus. the If ou wish to give our enem trouble in sleeping, take the head of a black dog that never saw light during its das and take a Icarnella from a strip of (lead) pipe from an aqueduct, and write upon it (the names of) these angels and sa thus: I hand over to ou, angels of disquiet who stand upon the fourth step, the life and the soul and the spirit of N son of N so that ou ma tie him in chains of iron and bind him to a bronze oke. Do not give sleep, nor slumber, nor drowsiness to his eelids; let him weep and cr like a woman at childbirth, and do not permit an (other) man to release him (from this spell).

Write thus (as above) and put (the inscribed lead lamella) in the mouth of the dog*s head and put wax on its mouth, and seal (it) with a ring which has a lion (engraved) upon it. Then go and conceal it behind his house or in a place he frequents. If ou wish to release him (take the dog's head) awa from where it is concealed and remove its seal and withdraw the text and throw it into a fire, and he will fall asleep at once. Do this with humilit and ou will succeed. . i m a n D I OD for OiUXPOqjdpov . . Upon the fifth step stand these: QWN'QRT'L PTWNY'L NQRY'L Y'L Y'BWTY'W BBSB'W BKPY MB\ SKTB'Q MRY'L Y'L'L MKS'BW These are the who stand on the fifth step.

The grasp shield and spear, and brass helmets are on their heads, and their garments are coats of mail. To their right and left are (storms) as of hailstones. Trembling (accompanies) their running and the stride upon rivers of fire, grasping torches, and hurring to return an answer, and their mouths never silent from roaring, and their breath" is like flaming fire, and their fire is blazing (so that) the breath of their mouths kindles fire, for all their actions concern the treasuries of fire, for from fire the emerged and the are stationed in fire. If ou wish to light an oven in the cold, take a lump of sulphur (that weighs) about seven shekels and divide it into the number of compartments in the oven.

Then upon each and ever (lump of sulphur) write with a bronze stlus the names of the angels who stand upon the fifth step and sa: I bind ou b oath, angels of fire and angels of flame, b the King who is a consuming fire, that ou shall stand with me and kindle the oven which is in such a place, and it shall be that anone who approaches it will be amazed at its heat. their spirit," but breath" is more likel here. Or nWIDi T\ with Then take the sulphur and cast it into each and ever burner of it (the oven) and it (the sulphur) will blaze up strongl. Ever da that ou wish to light (the oven) write (as directed) and cast (the sulphur) into the midst (of the oven).

Upon the sixth step stand these: BYHWD QYTR ZLQY'L STRY'L DRK GHLY'L TMKY'L SMKYH RB'L YWQMY'L SMYHWD MHRY'L DWMY'L KRKWS QNZ QNY'L KNTWN These are the who stand on the sixth step. The behave with humilit, but their faces are full of glor. Their garments are garments white as light. The stand like giants, awesome as the scholars of a court, seated in thrones of glor, trusted to give true (judgments), and in charge of healing. If ou wish to heal a man who has had a stroke and half of him is dried up, either b an (evil) spirit or b witchcraft, take spikenard oil and three measures of hone and stand facing the sun as it rises, repeating three times each da for seven das the name of the man and the name of his mother and the names of the angels who stand upon the sixth step.

And on the seventh da take him and stand him naked before the sun, and smear oil all over his flesh, while burning mrrh, frankincense, and chosen spices in the sunlight. Then again write upon a for 6oKLUi*l, or silver lamella (the names of) these angels of glor with these characters f <AXK (Write these on the lamella) as an amulet and put it on his neck with a (cord of) asbestos and incense of spices. Write it thus on the twentieth of the month and ou will succeed. Upon the seventh step stand these: PTHYH RZY'L GRY'L HGDY'B DRWN KRQT' QTYPWR BRY'L STQY'L L SYKBRDWM These are the who stand on the seventh step, girt with strength, their might like a lion.

Half of them are like fire and half of them cold as water. The stand in their place (and are weakened from their fear). The are wondrous because of their deeds and no one can comprehend their image. note 14 above (p.46). The characters given in the text are from e. asbestos." Properl an adjective meaning undefiled." Asbestos was used to fashion magical chains. 76). The text appears to be corrupt. Compare with lines 157-160 below. for the come great in stature with sparks of light upon their eelids. Those who stand below are unable to look at their appearance and those, too, who stand above are frightened b their appearance; for the turn to ever side and above, and the move in all four directions.

If ou wish to expel from the cit ever dangerous wild animal, whether lion, or wolf, or bear, or leopard, or (if ou wish to quell) a river or sea which is rising and washing against buildings, (do the following). (For the wild animals) make a bronze image in the likeness of the one (which ou desire to expel) and then make an iron lamella and write upon it, on the obverse and reverse, the names of the angels (of the seventh step) and bind it upon (the image) and bur it at the entrance of the cit and let its face be facing north. If it is a river or a sea ou wish to bind so that it will not come and flood (the cit), make a stone image (of a man), write (the names of) these angels on two copper lamellae and place them beneath his heels, and make a marble staff and place it on his shoulder, his right hand grasping the staff and his left hand open and his face towards the water. o o This implies that the angels can look in all directions at once.

This image seems to be forbidden b Rabbinic texts. Z. 7:6. Note that there are no spells, rituals, or sacrifices mentioned to be used when emploing this figure. Upon the eighth step stand these: BRH BRQY'L DWNY'L L BRKY'L L QDSY'L MRGY'L PRW'L PNY'L MRBNY'L MRNYS'L SMY'L L MTN'L HWD HWD These are the who stand upon the eighth step. Their appearance is as shining amber, the speak b their deeds, trembling and fire are in their dwelling place, (their presence) is filled with fear. The rule the spirits that wander in the earth, and in a place where their name is invoked an evil spirit cannot appear. If ou wish to drive off an evil spirit so it will not come to a woman when she is in childbirth and so it will not kill her child, before the woman's pregnanc write (the names of) these angels on a golden lamella and place it in a silver tubular case and let her wear it, and at the time of childbirth take four silver lamellae and write upon them (the names of) the angels and place them in the four sides of the house and no (evil) spirit will come in.

The sixteenth, TIM Tin, is not an angelic name. It is rather a description of their magnificence. The text sas, the are filled with fear," but the meaning is clearl that the frighten those the encounter. Probabl the center of the four walls and not the corners. come up," but the meaning is come up into (the house)." Upon the ninth step stand these: GDWDY'L SKSY'L TRSWNY'L NSHY'L SDD' RBNY' HLYL'L TWQPY'L SMKY'L PDH'L QRB' SY'L PR'L PTHY'L These are the who stand on the ninth step. Quick and might, fling through the air, their strength is a breastplate and the appear to have swords in their hands; prepared for war, grasping bows and holding javelins, the leap forth from the fire.

And the have horses of fire, and the harness of their chariots is of fire, and terror goes with them wherever the turn. If ou wish that a man going forth to war be protected from arrow, sword, or an blow, take seven leaves of a ba tree and write these names on them, two on each and ever one of them, and put them in spikenard oil, and on the da he goes forth to war, let him smear (the oil) upon his flesh and upon his sword and his bow and arrows. Again write (the names of the angels) on a silver Icmella put them in a bronze tubular case, and let him tie it over his heart, then no blow will touch hi The have been commanded (to reward) truth. Before them are mriads upon mriads (of angels) holding reed (pens) for fire and writing scrolls uninterruptedl, and recording acquittal for all those who call upon their names, (so that the) will be rescued and saved from forced tribute, the law of the land, and from ever death penalt.

If ou wish to rescue our friend from a bad judgment, or from an difficult, purif ourself from all impurit, and do not cohabit with a woman for three das; then stand before the sun at the dawn and repeat these names (of these angels) and sa: I beseech thee 0 great angel who art called sun," who ascend the steps of the firmament, who watch the children of men, that ou will perform m request and will bring m words before the King of Kings of Kings, the (Hol One) Blessed be He, to whom I pra concerning the case of N son of N, who is in trouble and has a bad cases and that ou will bring over for him, from (God's) presence, something good and a time of relief.

Let those who sought to do him evil he ashamed and let him he rescued without injur. In addition, write (the names of) these angels on a copper lamella and conceal it in the east, so it will be exposed to the sun at s u n r i s e . Do everthing in purit and ou will succeed. For the tenth angel read p bK as one word with , at its arising." Upon the eleventh step stand these: RPDY'L DMW'L M'RYNWS MYN'L SHY'L L DNY'L RDQY'L SLMY'L STTY'L ST'L GLGLTWN RMWT PRHG'L NPPMYWT These, their position is upon the eleventh step. There is fear where the stand, a great multitude stationing (themselves) and establishing camps of ministering (angels) in the heaven, for on their command angels of fire run and return, causing (men) to descend from greatness and rise to splendor.

The fl to and fro, resuming their places, glorifing their creator and extolling their maker. If ou wish to restore to office one who has fallen from his place, a king, or minister, or governor, or judge, take oil and hone and fine flour and place them in a new glass vial, and purif ourself from all impurit, and do not eat nevelah and do not touch a woman's bed, for seven das. Then on the seventh da stand beneath the moon, in its fourteenth, fifteenth, or sixteenth da, and take the vial in our hand, and write on it (the names of the angels of) this encampment of the fl for (ptdAn . is meat from an animal which has died from natural causes This expression should probabl be understood as a metaphoric prohibition of cohabitation, though the literal meaning ma be understood as a Rabbinic precaution against impurit. is, on the full moon." It seems to be implied b 2:163 that one ma begin preparations on either the seventh, eighth, or ninth, but since 2:172 implies that the adjuration is to be recited on all three das of the full moon, one must begin preparations on the seventh.

(eleventh) step and recite over it seven times, while facing the moon, the names of the angels and sa: I hring m petition he fore ou, 0 Moon, who travel h da and h night with chariots of light and angels of merc he fore and hehind ou, I bind ou b oath h the King who causes ou to rise and set, as ou are thin and hecome full and return to our place, so restore N son of N to his place and let him he (again) honored in the ees of all who see him, and as ou have glor in the world, so hestow glor upon him in the ees of all the children of Adam and Eve, and restore him to his office, and let him rule as at the beginning and let him not move from his position (again).

Do this for him for three das, and afterwards make them into a cake and dr it at night so that the sun does not shine on it, and have him eat it for three das, before sunrise, and bur (the) vial, with the writing still on it," in his house. Upon the twelfth step stand these: STRYMY BR'WT BMR'WT DRWDY'L SDRLY'L TLHBM BRG'L PY'L PP'L YKPTYNY KLPTWN BWBWKWK WMTWN RTMYKTWN SMYGDWN SPNYG PRNYG'L PSYKSWK T'GYSWN RTLYDY These, their position is on the twelfth step. Surrounded b righteousness, ras of majest on their heads, full of understanding, the understand how to praise (the Lord). The stand in two equal companies, half of them singing and the other half answering after the If ou wish to cure a headache (affecting) half the head or to bind or rebuke the spirit causing blindness, take fat that covers the brain of a black ox, and while in (a state of) purit, write on it the names of these angels and place it in a silver tubular case, then bind the tube with seven colors and place it beside the pain.

(In order to succeed) abstain from meat, from wine, from (contact with) the dead, from menstruating women, and from ever unclean thing. . .

The Third Firmament

The third firmament is filled with storerooms of mist from which the winds go forth, and inside it are encampments of thunder from which lightning emanates. Within, three princes sit on their thrones; the and their raiment have an appearance like fire and the appearance of their thrones is like fire, fire that gleams like gold, for the rule over all the angels of fire. The are like fire in their strength and their voices are like the roar of a peal of thunder. And their ees are like sunbeams, and the rule over the wheels of flame and fire. Moreover, the have wings to fl. The whinning of their mouths is as horses,''" their appearance like torches; when the speak the cause trembling, when the shout the cause weakness.

The soar in ever direction and fl to ever corner (of the world). These are the names of the princes who rule in the habitation which is the third firmament. The name of the first is YBNY'L, the name of the second is RHTY'L, and the name of the third is DLQY'L. YBNY'L is in charge of all things concerning the igniting and extinguishing of fire. RHTY'L is in charge of ever chariot of fire" causing it to . Nah 2:5. 1i>Va> \ he chariots of fire are the heavenl fires over which these princes rule. The circling celestial bodies are viewed as the circling chariots of the hippodrome. Thus RHTY'L appears as the ruler of chariot races and his name (EHT = run) indicates that he was created for this function.

The association of RHTY'L with the other angels of fire comes through Helios who drove a fier chariot and team and was therefore the most conspicuous of charioteers and thus became the patron of their profession. run (successfull) or to fail. DLQY'L is in charge of flames of fire, to kindle or quench (them). These are the names of the angels who serve YBNY'L: S'L DRY'L TDHDY'L B'L THPY'L RLBY'L BLNY'L THZRY'L CZY'L MNHY'L MLTHY'L DYBQY'L BRSS'L SH'L TTB'L QSMY'L TSY'L QSTSDY'L NMDY'L If ou wish to extinguish (the fire which heats) a bath house so it will neither flare up nor burn, bring a salamander and place it in a glass vessel with oil aged for three ears.

Do not set it upon the ground, but repeat backwards over it seven times during the third hour of the night the name of the overseer and the names of the angels who serve before him, and sa: I bind ou b oath, 0 salamander, in the name of YBNY'L and in the name of the angels of fire who serve him, just as ou were driven from fire, so drive awa and extinguish the fire from the bathhouse of N son of N, And ou, angels of fire, all of whose deeds pertain to fire, do not permit fire to enter or warm this bathhouse, but stand on the gates of his (the owner's) house and enter it, and make it like cold snow' or cold water. Then take the flask of oil and put some of it on the four corners of each and ever roo Then take the flask of oil and pour (some of it) in the four corners of each room and the fire will ignite and burn.

These are the names of the angels who serve RHTY'L: GR' ZRGRY GNTS T' LTSRP'L GDY'L TMNY'L L GWHPNY'L RQNY SPYQW'L MWSY'L SWSY'L HTNY'L ZKRY'L KNSP SDQY HSP NKMR' PRDY'L QLYLY'L DRWMY'L \v c These characters are from 46) . If ou wish to race horses, (even) when the are exhausted, so that the will not stumble in their running, that the will be swift as the wind, and the foot of no living thing will pass them, and the will win popularit in their running, take a silver lamella and write upon it the names of the horses and the names of the angels and the name of the prince who is over them and sa: I bind ou b oath angels of running, who run amid the stars, that ou will gird with strength and courage the horses that N is racing and his charioteer who is racing the Let them run and be swift as an eagle.

Let no animals stand before them,'' and let no other magic or witchcraft affect the These are the names of the angels who serve DLQY'L: NWRY'L ZLYBN YLY'L MLKYH HYLY'L HRH'L SLQY'L SGRY'L PSKY'L L SMNY'L SBBY'L NHLY'L TGMLY'L MYNW'L TLB QTHNY'L PRY'L NGY'L MSRY'L MNGN'N If ou wish to give proof (of our powers) to our The texts read princes," but the singular is necessar. beloved or to our friend, for example, to fill a house with 14 fire which will not burn, take a root of a wild plant and put it on burning coals and as the smoke rises in the house, recite the names of the angels and the name of their overseer, who is DLQY'L. When the smoke rises seven times, and when the smoke will be...."'" all those who see it will see it as fire.

When ou recite the names of the angels sa: I bind ou b oath, 0 angels cloaked in fire, h Him who is all fire, who sits upon a throne of fire, and whose ministers are a flaming fire, and encampments of fire serve he fore Hi Let me and all with me see this great miracle and not he afraid. When ou finish our words, ou will see the house filled with fire. If ou wish to cause (the fire) to subside speak the adjuration backwards and sa: Angels of fire extinguish, extinguish at once. hurr, make haste. How great are our works 0 Lord, ou have made all of them in wisdo As each of its corners are swift angels running with each other, prancing, prancing. Within are seven rivers of fire and water, and along them, on both sides, stand innumerable angels.

On one side stand angels of fire that burn with an incandescent flame and on the other side angels of cold wrapped in hailstones. Neither do the (angels of cold) quench (the angels of fire) nor do (the angels of fire) ignite the (angels of cold). These immerse themselves in the rivers of fire and those immerse themselves 5 in the rivers of water, and the all recite and chant songs and praises to the Life of the World for He created them to glorif His power. Within the (fourth) firmament is the lovel bridal chamber of the sun, filled with light and all aflame. The angels of fire, girded with strength, surround him (the sun) and lead him during the da.

Then the angels of water, their bodies like That is, it is pitched like a tent upon its posts. Greek capitals on columns seem implied. . Judg 5:22 . The immersion is for ritual purification. Presumabl the immerse themselves in the river of their own substance, rather than the opposite, but the text leaves the question open. thus alternate like a choir. The singing thus seems to be antiphonal. the sea and their voices like the voice of waters strengthen themselves with an adornment of might and lead him at night. These are the names of the angels that lead him during the da: BR'SKS MRMR'WT MWKTY'L M'RYT SDQY'L YHSY HSY'L RB'L YBWK MY'L KRYMK' MRM'N PW'L GBRY'L §TWN TWQPY'L LY'L NPLY QWD§Y'L HWDY'L NRWMYL YRSY'L MLKY'L GRYT'L LHGY'L MNWRYL PL'W'L NWRY'L HRM'Y'L NSBRYL These are the princes of the encampments who lead the sun during the da, And these are the names of the angels who lead him at i PRSY'L SRSY'L CGYL NBYM'L L YSRY*L SM'L SPTY'L S*W'L RDRY'L S'L LYBB'L BNRY'L SGRY'L MNH*L LMY'L PRY'L PDH*L LYBR'L RBS'L HMQY'L BGHY*L NBRY'L QSPY'L R'L HTNY*L SPPY'L HLWL SM'Y'L ZHZH'L NKBRY'L PS'L QMNY'L ZH'L HDY*L These are the princes of the encampments who lead him at night.

If ou wish to view the sun during the da, seated in his chariot and ascending; guard ourself, take care, and keep pure for seven das from all (impure) food, from all (impure) drink, and from ever unclean thing. Then on the seventh da stand facing (the sun) when he rises and burn incense of spices weighing three shekels before him, and invoke seven times the names of the angels that lead him during the da. Then if ou are not answered after these seven times, go and invoke them in reverse order seven times, and sa: I bind ou b oath, angels that lead the sun in the power of our strength on the heavenl paths to illuminate the world, b the One whose voice shakes the earth, who moves mountains in His anger, who calms the sea with His power, who shakes the pillars of the world with His glance, who sustains ever thing with His arm, who is hidden form the ees of all the living, who sits upon the throne of greatness of the kingdom of the glor of His holiness, and who moves through the entire worlds I repeat (our names) and adjure ou h His great, fearful, powerful, majestic, forceful, might, hol, strong, wondrous, secret, exalted, and glorious names that ou will do m will and desire at this time and season, and will remove the radiance of the sun so I ma see him face to face as he is in his bridal chamber.

Let me not catch fire from our fire and give me permission to do m will. g Abstinence from impure food and drink seems implied rather than a fast. This creates a parallel to unclean things" and follows the same pattern as previous commands of abstinence found in SHR. For an example of this tpe of listing see BT Berakhot 33b. ras of the sun obscure the sun angel. -'• for 1 with ? . At the completion of our adjuration, ou will see him in his bridal chamber and ou can ask him (to foretell questions) of death or life, good or evil. And if ou wish to release him, repeat the adjuration and sa: I bind ou b oath that ou return the radianoe of the sun to its place as in the beginning.

Then the sun will go on his wa. If ou wish to see the sun during the night, proceeding (on his course) in the north, purif (ourself) for three weeks of das from all (impure) food and drink, and from ever unclean thing. Then stand during the third hour''" in the night watches, wrapped in white garments, and sa twent-one times the name of the sun and the names of the angels that lead him at night, and then sa: I bind ou b oathj angels that fl through the air of the firmamentj b the One who sees but is not seen b the King who uncovers all hidden things and sees all secret things b the God who knows what is in darkness and who transforms the shadows into morningjand who illumines the night as the da before whom all secrets are as clear as the sun for whom there is nothing too difficultA In the name of the Hol King who walks upon the wings of the wind"' b the letters of the complete name that was revealed to Adam in the Garden of Eden (bA the Ruler of the planets and the . 1 Enoch 72:5. . 14, This adjuration is triple the previous one in both number of das and times the adjuration is spoken. .

Amos 5:8. . Jer 32:17. . Ps 104:3. sun, and the moon, who bow down before Him as slaves before their masters, b the name of the wondrous God, I bind ou b oath, that ou will make known to me this great miracle that I desire, and that I ma see the sun in his power in the (celestial) circle (traversed b) his chariot, and let no hidden thing be too difficult for me. Let me see him per fectl toda, and let me ask him what I wish, and let him speak with me as a man speaks with his friend and tell me the secret of the depths, and make known to me hidden things, and let no evil thing happen to me. When ou finish speaking, ou will hear a peal of thunder from the north and ou will see something like lightning come forth and light up the earth before ou.

And after ou see him, ou will assuredl bow down to the ground and fall upon our face to the earth and pra this praer: Hol Helios who rises in the east, good mariner, trustworth leader of the sun's ras, reliable (witness), who of old didst establish the might wheel (of the heavens), hol orderer, ruler of the axis (of the heaven). Lord, Brilliant Leader, King, Soldier. I, N son of N, present m supplication before ou, that ou will appear to me without (causing me) fear, and ou will be revealed to me without causing me terror, and ou will conceal nothing from me and will tell me truthfull all that I desire. \eading D;)3n for cinnnin . 21, The praer to Helios here is transliterated into Hebrew from Greek.

The following transcription differs from TioAoKpaxcop, H u p i e, tiouti6c eucpcoToc, x u p a v v o Q, Then stand up and ou will see (the sun) in the north proceeding to the east. After this, put our hands behind ou, and bow our head low, and ask whatever ou desire. And after ou have questioned him, lift our ees toward heaven and sa: mVLY'L, WEPLY'L I bind ou b oath b the One who formed ou for His splendor and His glor to illuminate His worlds and who gave ou ruler ship of the da that ou will not harm me and will not terrif me. I shall neither fear nor tremble and ou will return to our course in peace when I release ou and ou will not pause in our course from now on forever, AMEN SELAH. . 1 Enoch 72:5. !7D'11K, this is apparentl a name for the sun.

H >bSi , The marvelous" or hidden" light of God." Where 1Kt?D tfHbs . PGM 1:346; IV:3122; V:41.

The Fifth Firmament

The fifth firmament is exceedingl exalted. It is magnificent in appearance, for within it are clouds of splendor. It is filled with angels of majest, and within it (their knees) knock with fear. The are stationed in troop after troop, glorifing (the One) who carved them into flame. The sound of their running is like the crashing of the sea, and their walk is like wheels of thunder. Therein, moreover, are twelve princes of glor seated upon magnificent thrones, the appearance of their thrones is like that of fire. The quarter the heavens at the middle b facing the four directions of the world, three b three toward each direction.And (the) angels run when the send them, and their roaring shakes the world.

Lightnings issue from their breath and the have wings of fire and are wreathed with crowns of fire, and the (fifth) firmament shines from the lustre of their faces. The are in charge of the twelve months of the ear and understand what will be in each and ever month, and without them nothing can happen, for the were created for this. Each is stationed over his month since the make known month b month that which will be in each and ever ear. These are the names of the twelve princes of glor of the fifth firmament: S'L DGHY'L DYDN'WR T TRWRGR MWR*L PHDRWN YLDNG NDGNWR MPNY'L HSNDRNWS BRKY'L This seems slightl redundant. Perhaps one > should be deleted, thus .

Isa 47:13. These are the who are in charge of the twelve months of the ear, from the month of Nisan to the month of Adar, each in his month, as the are written. If ou wish to know in which month ou will be taken from the world, or what will occur in each and ever month, or in which month there will be rain, whether the grain will be plentiful, whether the olive tree will drop its fruit, or in which month kings will set forth for war, or in which month there will be pestilence among men and cattle, or in which month an epidemic will fall among men, or whatever ou wish (to know); ask them and ou will know. If ou wish to know in which month ou will be taken from the world; take refined gold lomelZae and make from them twelve pieces of foil, then write on each of them the name of an angel and the name of his month.

Then take good oil that has aged for seven ears and throw all the pieces of foil into it and recite this adjuration seven times over the oil, and sa: J adjure ou 0 angels of wisdom and understanding b the One who spoke and the world came into being b the name of the God of Truths the majestic and glorious The King high and exalted strong and powerful might and wondrous God of all creatures Refuge of Hosts righteous pure and upright and trustworth and b the name (of Him) who established ou over all the months of the ear He who sits in hidden heights, who This probabl means as the are written above," . PGM 1:188; XIII:711. . Ps 91:1. vevedls secret msteries, who rules over death and life, who is King forever and ever and ever, who is established for all eternit.

B this adjuration, the great, powerful, strong, fearful, terrible, wondrous, pure, and hol, I bind ou b oath that ou will truthfull make known to me the month in which I will be taken, and tell me m fate, in accordance to m request. Then put the oil in a new glass vessel (and place it) under the stars for seven nights without exposing it to the sun. And on the seventh night, get up in the middle of the night, and look at the oil and see which month is written upon whichever piece of foil floats on the surface of the oil. In that month it is our fate to be taken. But before ou perform this rite, purif ourself from all impurit for three weeks of das, and g guard ourself from all (meat of) small animals and from all that ields blood (when slaughtered) even fish, and do not drink wine, and do not come near a woman, and do not touch a grave, be war of nocturnal pollution, and walk in humilit and praer, and make our praers and supplications long, and devote our heart to the fear of heaven, and ou will succeed.

After the rite, take the oil and be careful of it for it has great healing power. Make a ring of purified silver, with a large hollow space within. Take all the pieces of foil and o and put them in the ring with a white flower"'" and with a s b e s t o s , a nd seal (it) and place it on our finger; then no evil ee and no evil spirit will come near ou, and no evil thing will have dominion in (our) house. In the oil is a great (power of) healing to the sick. niS is IIDi for d u C a v T OQ . 5 2 ).

The Sixth Firmament

As for the sixth firmament, its storehouses are full of hone.''" Within is the place prepared for the spirits of the righteous. Light and fire encompass it and within are mriads, thousands upon thousands, and armies and encampments (of angels) standing in awe and trembling. And on the head of each of them is (what) appears as a crown of fire, and their fire has the appearance of gold. The regiments of the arm march within (the sixth firmament), and their strength is like an inextinguishable fire and the are in fear from dread of their rulers. For two officers rule over them, one in the west of the (sixth) firmament and one in the east. And before the armies of spirits are mriads of angels created from flame and burning like fire.

Their bodies are like fier coals and upon coals of fire is their station. And the tremble and shake to sing forth songs and praises to the Exalted One of the Universe, who has prepared them to praise His honor and honor His praise. These are the hol angels who rule over all the encampments of the sixth firmament. The name of the first is PRKSY and the name of the second is TWQPYRS. And all the princes of the encampments serve before the . Ps 68:18. 3. Deleting onn)?, with them," following ? The common ancient spelling was d p a a a g. These are the heads of the encampments which are in the west of the firmament: WYWTN DWKMS'L KRH'L SRY'L BYW'L NRH'L GSQY'L GR SRY'L MSGY'L HNY'L WRPNY'L QWDW MWK'L LNYTK'L DM'L KZ'N SYR'YWM NHRY'L BHDRK SWPRY'L SDRKYN DBWB'WR MLY'L TMPNYH BHHML PRNYN MSTY'L TYMNHRQ Over these PRKSY, who has his camp in the west. is ruler.

These are the heads of the encampments which are in the east of the f irmament: GWRY'L SNY'L CZRY'L SRY'L LY'L MLKY'L MLMY'L SMY'L RNHY'L QRY'L QSTY'L BRKY'L SDRY'L SPYPY'L RM'T DMW'L MRY'L L NYPLY'L DRMY'L G'L MNHR'L BHNYRY'L PSRY'L QL'L HDRNY'L DLRY'L SCPY'L DLGLY'L CDNNY'L THRY'L DBRY'L HMNKY'L HNY'L TWBY'L Over these TWQPYRS, who has his ( camp in the east of the firmament is ruler. If ou wish to go on a journe (or) to war- and if ou wish to return (safel) from the war or from the journe, or (if ou wish) to flee from the cit and ou want it to appear that a large and powerful compan is with ou, so that all who see ou will be afraid of ou, as of one who has with him a militar escort armed with swords and spears and all of the implements of battle, (then) before ou depart from the cit or from the place where ou dwell, purif ourself from all impurit and cleanse our flesh from all sin and transgression, and make ourself an iron ring and a pure lamella of gold and write (on the lamella) during the third da of the month, the names of the overseers and the names of the heads of the encampments (both east and west), and put (the lamella) in the ring, and engrave upon the ring, outside of the lamella g the image of a man and a lion.

Then at the time ou set out to go on our wa and ou see that men are coming to seize ou, take the ring and put it in our mouth, and lift our ees to heaven with a pure and cleansed heart and repeat the names of the overseers''" and the names of the heads of the sixth heaven who serve before them and sa: Q i un Dili for l un 1> nn with ? . wmnn r\mb) with I bind ou b oath 0 angels of strength and might b the strong and the might right hand (of the Lord)J b the force of His might and b the power of His rule b the God revealed at Mt. Sinai b the mriads of His chariotsb the God whose ministers are a thousand thousands of ten thousands b the Lord who saved Israel all six hundred thousand from Egpt b the life of the worlds who spoke to Moses face to face b the Lord who brings princes to naught" b the Rock whose hand is sufficient to save and to rescue b the One who commanded and ignited the camp of Sennacherib b His name and b its letters; I repeat (our names) and adjure ou that ou come and stand with me to aid at this time in ever place that I will go.

Be seen with me as a great arm in all our might and with the strength of our spears and let all who see me from near or far, and all who come to fight me or to seize me, be shattered before me b their great fear of our terrible appearance. And let them not be able to harm me or approach me, let fear and terror fall upon them' and let fear of me fall upon them and all the children of Adam and Eve and upon ever dangerous animal, and let them (all) tremble and recoil from before me. When ou finish speaking the adjuration, ou will see some thing like fog and smoke before ou. Then take the ring from our mouth and put it on our finger. And when ou come to our house and wish to release (the angels), return the ring to our mouth and stand facing the sun and repeat (the names of the) angels in reverse order and thereafter sa: I release ou; depart on our wa.

Then put the ring on our finger. . Ps 24:8. 68:18. . Isa 40:23.

The Seventh Firmament

The seventh firmament, all of it is sevenfold light, and from its light all the (seven) heavens shine. Within it is the throne of glor, set on the four glorious Haot, Also within it are the storehouses of lives, and the storehouses of souls. There is no calculation or limit to the great light within it, and the fullness of the light illumines all the earth. The angels are fixed in pillars of light, and their light is as the light of the brilliant star and cannot be extinguished, for their ees are like flashes of lightning, and the stand upon the margins of (the divine) light, and glorif in fear the One who sits upon the throne of glor. For He alone sits in the heaven of His holiness, seeking out judgment, evening the scales of justice; judging in truth and speaking in righteousness.

And before Him the books of fire are open And from before Him flow rivers of fire. When He rises the gods are afraid. And when He roars the pillars shake. The living creatures" of Ezekiel's vision. The haot and opanim are part of or equivalent to the class of heavenl beings, like the cherubim in Ezek 10, who are the supports of the heavenl throne of the deit. Lives" are here thought of as entities placed b the deit in all living things, and causing them to live. The are distin guished from souls." " is certainl a reference to Aphrodite-Venus, who has been referred to previousl. 33). . Dan 7:10. When He lifts (His voice)." And from His voice the doorposts tremble.

His soldiers stand before Him, But the do not gaze upon His likeness. For He is hidden from ever ee. And none can see Him and live. His appearance is hidden from all. But no appearance is hidden from Hi For light dwells with Him, And He puts on light as a garment. He sits on light as a throne. And light is a wall around Hi As the fl with their wings. The have six wings each And the cover their faces with their wings. And the turn their faces downward. Their faces are turned toward their fellows, And the do not lift their faces upwards. Because of their fear and their terror. . Isa 6:4. . Job 12:22. . Dan 2:22. . Ps 102:4. , closes off what surrounds Hi And wrap themselves in garments of white fire.

And sing with humilit in a strong voice: Hol Hol Hol is the Lord of Hosts, The whole world is full of His glor,"'• He is prior to all creatures; He was when earth and heaven were not et. He is alone; There is no stranger with Hi And in all the heavens He is feared, And b all the angels He is revered. For b the breath of His mouth the were formed And to glorif His power the were established. He (acts) alone and who can turn Him back?"'' And if He commands none can annul. For He is the King of Kings of Kings, Ruling over all of the kings of the earth. And exalted among the angels of heaven. He searches hearts before the are formed. And He knows thoughts before the occur.

Blessed be His name And blessed the greatness of His glor. . Isa 6:3. . Job 23:13. For ages and ages. And for an eternit of eternities. For there is no God apart from Him, And there is no God beside Hi Blessed is His name with its might. And blessed its mention with the beaut of His power. For as His name so is His praise as it has been said (in scripture): As is our name, 0 God, so is our praise to the ends of the earth; our right hand is full of righteousness. He brings the pure to reverence Him,''" And in His wrath drives awa the impure. He moves mountains b His might and strength. 17 The did not know when He overturned them in His wrath. He holds the world as a cluster of grapes, Bearing all that was, is, and will be.

He is the Ancient of Das, . is a prose gloss which breaks the continuit of the hmn. , to His fear," . Job 9:5. . Heb 1:3. . Dan 7:9. And with Him-are enduring riches and righteousness. Blessed be His glor from His habitation. And blessed (be He) in the beaut of His dignit. The hearts of those who fear Him He fills with knowledge. To search and to know the power of the fear of His name. Blessed be His name in the dwelling place of His splendor. And blessed in the beaut of His strength. Blessed be His name in the storehouses of snow. And blessed in the rivers of flames. Blessed be His name in the mists of brilliance. And blessed in the clouds of glor. Blessed be His name in the mriads of chariots.

And blessed in the thousands upon thousands (of His warriors). Blessed be His name in the chains of fire. And blessed in the ropes of flame. Blessed be His name in the peals of thunder. And blessed in the bolts of lightning. Blessed be His name in the mouths of all on earth. And blessed in the depths of the earth. Blessed be His name amid all the deserts. And blessed amid the waves of the sea. Blessed be His name alone on His throne. . Prov 8:18.